The most exact documentation is in the Software Development Kit itself: http://www.adobe.com/devnet/indesign/sdk.html
... but you might find that there is no such thing as "a complete hierarchy". All objects are weaved intimately into each other; some objects even can contain items of its own type (a rectangle, for example, can contain more rectangles). That requires something more advanced than the single linear dimension that you suggested above.
Writing plugins for InDesign requires extensive knowledge of the software. Perhaps you should start by getting to know the program itself -- just experimenting with layers would expose the flaws in your simple model.
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