Mac or PC? 

Can you open the photo in question using Photoshop?

The error suggests you have Bridge installed but not Photoshop installed.   If you do have Photoshop CS6 installed then it seems like Bridge CS6 is not detecting that Photoshop is installed.

Please answer the question posed in post #1.

Macintosh or Windows?

I would guess that the CS or PS installation is corrupted and an uninstall of everything Adobe, clearing the preferences, running the CSCleaner script and a re-install might fix things. 

Installs can become corrupted if beta and release versions of the same product have been installed or if a mixture of single-purchase-apps and suite-bundled apps are or have been installed on the same system, where, for example, Bridge is looking for the bundled version of PS while the PS actually installed, now, is the single-app-purchased version, and Bridge is looking the wrong place to confirm PS is there.

It also could be that Bridge is seeing an expired license for a beta or other-purchase-model version that knows that app is no longer installed.  If CSCleaner doesn’t fix licensing issues, then maybe there is a different thing to do to reset licensing.

that problem is happening for legitimate copy of photoshop ? 

I have this same issue, only I am not getting an error message, I just cannot select "open in camera RAW" because it is greyed out. I didnt have this problem last week, but all of a sudden, I cannot open anything from Bridge in Camera RAW. There have been no solutions posted for this issue and it is costing me serious time and money here. ADOBE!!!!!  SOMEONE PLEASE RESPOND WITH AN ACTUAL FIX!!!

I am having the same issue with not being able to open Camera RAW from bridge. I can see the button and select it , it will act like it is opening it and then come up with  a message saying " Camera Raw editing is not enabled.    Camera Raw editing requires that a qualifing product has been launched atleast once to enable this feature."    I am working on a PC with Photoshop CS6. It is a ligit copy. I have tried updates, uninstalling and reinstalling and nothing works. I am able to get to camera raw thru photoshop , just not thru bridge which is what I need so I can edit multiple pics at once! HELP!!    I tried mike _d_1961 suggestion of opening photoshop, then from the file menu selecting browse in bridge, Closing photoshop and trying to open raw and it is still NOT working!    I see several people are having this issue you would think there would be a fix somewhere!! 

Make sure you update all of your photoshop software (bridge --> help --> updates).  That was what my problem was apparently, because it's working now.