I referred to "HTML "named colors" above.
This refers to a list of 147 colors
defined by the Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) Specification
which use common language, such as red, blue, green, black, etc. When used as part of HTML/CSS/XML coding these real-language names are interpreted by browsers the same way as the RGB/Hex code colors they represent.
So, instead of coding a color as "#00FFFF" or using RGB values such as "0,255,255" you may simply type "Aqua" and the proper color will be displayed when the code is rendered onscreen.
Below are links to this list of Named Colors at a few sites:
http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_colornames.asp
http://www.aumha.org/html/colorsb.htm
See the following link for boatloads of more information on named colors and a vast tree of links. There are many standards and systems for naming colors, and most of them aren't specific to being displayed by a web browser. However, by cross-referencing and by doing a little work and calculation you should be able to come close to replicating named oil paint or house paint colors, for example, for use in a browser. Just keep in mind the differences between reflective and transmissive color, and remember that not all screen colors are printable, and not all print colors can be displayed onscreen.
http://www.december.com/html/spec/colorspot.html