"PAR" is pixel aspect ratio. I'm afraid I don't know how that translates into French. On your computer monitor every pixel is square; the width is the same as the height, which means that it is a pixel aspect ratio of 1. Many types of video uses pixels that are
not square, but rectangular. E.g. NTSC 4:3 DV and MPEG-2 for DVD (720x480) has pixels that are "portrait" (taller than they are wide) and have a PAR of 0.9. PAL uses 720x576 to create the same 4:3 image and its pixels are "landscape" (wider than they are tall) with a PAR of 1.067.
It may help to check these documents:
Square and Non-Square Pixels
Work with non-square pixels
Which application are you using for editing?